Hello/good afternoon
こんにちは。　Konnichiwa. (kon-nee-chee-WAH)

How are you?
お元気ですか。　Ogenki desu ka? (oh-GEN-kee dess-KAH?)

Fine, thank you.
(おかげさまで)元気です。　(Okagesama de) genki desu. (O-ka-GEH-sah-MA-GEN-kee-dess)

What is your name?
お名前は何ですか。 Onamae wa nan desu ka?　(oh-NAH-mah-eh wah NAHN dess-KAH?)

My name is ____ .
私の名前は ____ です。 Watashi no namae wa ____ desu. (wah-TAH-shee no nah-mah-eh wa ____
dess)

Nice to meet you.
始めまして。　Hajimemashite. (hah-jee-meh-MAH-shee-teh)

Please. (request)
お願いします。　Onegai shimasu. (oh-neh-gaee shee-mah-sue)

Please. (offer)
どうぞ。 Dōzo. (DOH-zo)

Thank you.
どうもありがとう。 Dōmo arigatō. (doh-moh ah-ree-GAH-toh)

You're welcome.
どういたしまして。 Dō itashimashite. (doh EE-tah-shee mash-teh)

Yes.
はい。 Hai. (HA-ee)

No.
いいえ。 Iie. (EE-eh)

Goodbye. (long-term)
さようなら。 Sayōnara. (sa-YOH-nah-rah)

Goodbye. (informal)
それでは。 Sore dewa. (SOH-reh deh-wah)

Good morning.
おはようございます。 Ohayō gozaimasu. (oh-hah-YOH go-zigh-mah-sue)

Good afternoon/hello
　こんにちは

Good evening.
こんばんは。 Konbanwa. (kohn-bahn-wah)

Good night (to sleep)
おやすみなさい。 Oyasumi nasai. (oh-yah-soo-mee-nah-sigh)

Excuse me.
すみません。 Sumimasen. (soo-mee-mah-sen)

I'm sorry.
御免なさい。 Gomen-nasai. (goh-men-nah-sigh)

Leave me alone.
ほっといて。 (hottoite.)

Don't touch me!
さわらないで! (sawaranaide!)

I'll call the police.
警察をよぶ。 (keisatsu o yobu)

Police!
警察! (keisatsu)

Stop! Thief!
待って! どろぼう! (matte! dorobō!)

I need your help.
たすけてください/助けてくれ。 (tasukete kudasai/tsukete kure)

It's an emergency.
緊急！ (kinkyuu!)

I'm lost.
迷子です。 (maigo desu)

I lost my bag.
かばんをなくしました。 (kaban o nakushimashita)

I dropped my wallet.
財布をおとしました。 (saifu o otoshimashita)

I'm sick.
病気です。 (byōki desu)

I've been injured.
けがしました。 (kega shimashita)

Please call a doctor.
医者を呼んでください。 (isha o yonde kudasai)

Is there a doctor who can speak English?
英語の出来るお医者さんがいますか？ (eigo no dekiru oisha-san ga imasu ka?)

Is it alright if I use your phone?
電話を使っていいですか? (denwa o tsukatte ii desu ka?)

I can't speak Japanese [well].
日本語が「よく」話しません。 Nihongo ga [yoku] hanashi masen. (nee-hohn-goh [yo-koo] hah-nah-seh-mah-sen)

Do you speak English?
英語を話しますか。 Eigo o hanashi masu ka? (AY-goh oh hah-nah-shee-mah-soo-KAH?)

Is there someone here who speaks English?
だれか英語を話しますか。 Dare ka eigo o hanashi masu ka? (dah-reh-kah AY-goh oh hah-nah-shee-mah-soo-KAH?)

Help!
たすけて! Tasukete! (tah-soo-keh-teh!)

Look out!
あぶない! Abunai! (ah-boo-NIGH!)

I don't understand.
わかりません。 Wakarimasen. (wah-kah-ree-mah-sen)

Where is the bathroom?
トイレはどこですか。 TOIRE wa doko desu ka? (toy-reh wah DOH-koh dess kah?)

month
月 gatsu
January
１月 ichigatsu
February
２月 nigatsu
March
３月 sangatsu
April
４月 shigatsu
May
５月 gogatsu
June
６月 rokugatsu
July
７月 shichigatsu
August
８月 hachigatsu
September
９月 kugatsu
October
１０月 juugatsu
November
１１月 juuichigatsu
December
１２月 juunigatsu

Spring
春 haru
Summer
夏 natsu
Autumn
秋 aki
Winter
冬 fuyu

Sunday
日曜日 (nichiyoubi)
Monday
月曜日 (getsuyoubi)
Tuesday
火曜日 (kayoubi)
Wednesday
水曜日 (tsuiyoubi)
Thursday
木曜日 (mokuyoubi)
Friday
金曜日 (kinyoubi)
Saturday
土曜日 (doyoubi)

Family Terms (talking about someone else's family in a conversation) :
Gokazoku ご家族 = family
Goryoushin ご両親 = parents
Otou-san お父さん = father
Okaa-san お母さん = mother
Onii-san お兄さん = older brother
Onee-san お姉さん = older sister
Otouto-san 弟さん = younger brother
Imouto-san 妹さん= younger sister
Ojii-san おじいさん = grandfather
Obaa-san おばあさん = grandmother
Oji-san おじさん = unle
Oba-san おばさん = aunt
Musume-san　娘さん = daughter
Musuko-san 息子さん = son

Family Terms (talking about your family in a conversation) :
Kazoku 家族 = family
Ryoushin 両親 = parents
Chichi 父 = father
Haha 母 = mother
Ani 兄 = older brother
Ane 姉 = older sister
Otouto 弟 = younger brother
Imouto 妹 = younger sister
Sofu 祖父 = grandfather
Sobo 祖母 = grandmother
Oji　 おじ = uncle
Oba おば = aunt
Musume 娘 = daughter
Musuko 息子 = son

What?
なに。 Nani? (nah-knee)
Where?
どこ。 Doko? (do-koh)
Who?
だれ。 Dare? (da-reh)
When?
いつ。 Itsu? (it-sue)
Which?
どれ。 Dore? (do-reh)
Why?
何で／　どうして nande (nan-deh) / dooshite(doo-shi-teh)
How Much?
いくらですか。 Ikura desu ka? (ee-ku-rah deh-sue kah?)

**For your age, you add "-sai" at the end of the number!!!!**
0
〇, 零 zero or rei
1
一 ichi
2
二 ni
3
三 san
4
四 yon or shi
5
五 go
6
六 roku
7
七 nana or shichi
8
八 hachi
9
九 kyuu
10
十 juu
11
十一 juuichi
12
十二 juuni
13
十三 juusan
14
十四 juuyon
15
十五 juugo
16
十六 juuroku
17
十七 juunana
18
十八 juuhachi
19
十九 juukyuu
20
二十 ni juu
21
二十一 ni juuichi
22
二十二 ni juuni
23
二十三 ni juusan
30
三十 san juu
40
四十 yon juu
50
五十 go juu
60
六十 roku juu
70
七十 nana juu
80
八十 hachi juu
90
九十 kyuu juu
100
百 hyaku
200
二百 ni hyaku
300
三百 san byaku
1000
千 sen
2000
二千 ni sen
10,000
一万 ichi man
1,000,000
百万 hyaku man
1,000,000,000,000
一兆 itchou

What time is it (now)?
(今何) 時ですか (Ima) nanji desu ka?

now
今 (ima)

later
後で (atode)

before
前に (mae ni)

before __
___ の前に (no mae ni)

morning
朝 (asa)

afternoon
午後 (gogo)

evening
夕方 (yuugata)

night
夜 (yoru)

six o'clock AM
朝6時 (asa roku ji)

nine o'clock AM
午前9時 (gozen ku ji)

noon
正午 (shougo)

one o'clock PM
午後1時 (gogo ichi ji)

two o'clock PM
午後2時 (gogo ni ji)

midnight
夜12時 (yoru juu ni ji)

today
今日 (kyou)

yesterday
昨日 (kinou)

tomorrow
明日 (ashita)

this week
今週 (konshuu)

last week
先週 (senshuu)

next week
来週 (raishuu)

white
shiro(i) 白(い)

yellow
ki-iro(i) 黄色(い)

red
aka(i) 赤(い)

orange
orenji (no) オレンジ(の)

green
midori (no) 緑(の)

blue
ao(i) 青(い)

purple
murasaki (no) 紫(の)

pink
pinku (no) ピンク(の)

brown
cha-iro 茶色(い)

black
kuro(i) 黒(い)

gold
kin-iro (no) 金(の)

silver
gin-iro (no) 銀(の)

The first step is to learn the alphabet. Or, at least, the sounds that exist in the Japanese language. There are absolutely no "tones" like in Chinese, Thai, etc. and there are only 2 exceptions within the alphabet which will be explained later. The characters listed below are called Hiragana. It is the main alphabet for Japanese. The Japanese language also consists of Chinese characters (Kanji), which we will get into later, and another alphabet, Katakana, which is mainly used for foreign words.

There are 5 vowels in the Japanese language. (a), pronounced "ahh", (i), pronounced like "e" in "eat", (u), pronounced like "oo" in "soon", (e), pronounced like "e" in "elk", and (o), pronounced "ohh". All Hiragana characters end with one of these vowels, with the exception of (n). The only "consanent" that does not resemble that of English is the Japanese "r". It is slightly "rolled" as if it were a combination of a "d", "r", and
あ:a い:i う:u え:e お:o

か:ka き:ki く:ku け:ke こ:ko

が:ga ぎ:gi ぐ:gu げ:ge ご:go

さ:sa し:shi す:su せ:se そ:so

ざ:za じ:ji ず:zu ぜ:ze ぞ:zo

た:ta ち:chi つ:tsu て:te と:to

だ:da ぢ:ji づ:zu で:de ど:do

な:na に:ni ぬ:nu ね:ne の:no

は:ha ひ:hi ふ:fu へ:he ほ:ho

ば:ba び:bi ぶ:bu べ:be ぼ:bo

ぱ:pa ぴ:pi ぷ:pu ぺ:pe ぽ:po

ま:ma み:mi む:mu め:me も:mo

や:ya ゆ:yu よ:yo

ら:ra り:ri る:ru れ:re ろ:ro

わ:wa を:wo ん:n/m

Note: You probably noticed that there are 2 "zu" and 2 "ji". づ (zu) and ぢ (ji) are very rarely used. づ (zu) only occurs when there is a つ (tsu) in front of it like in つづく (tsuzuku - to continue) or when a Kanji (Chinese character) that starts with つ (tsu) is paired at the end with another character changing the つ (tsu) to a づ (zu). The same applies for ぢ (ji). Since they are used so rarely I wouldn't worry about them too much. I will let you know whenever we come upon a word in which they are used.
www.FreeJapaneseLessons.com

Katakana is mainly used for foreign words such as names and words that have been borrowed from other languages such as "compyu-ta-" (computer). The Japanese language does not have as many sounds as the English language so, when creating a name in Katakana for instance, the name must be sound out to the closest Japanese equivalent. Katakana, Hiragana, and Furigana (when Hiragana is written small next to a Kanji or Katakana character to show how that character is read) are collectively known as Kana. Katakana - カタカナ

ア:a イ:i ウ:u エ:e オ:o

カ:ka キ:ki ク:ku ケ:ke コ:ko

ガ:ga ギ:gi グ:gu ゲ:ge ゴ:go

サ:sa シ:shi ス:su セ:se ソ:so

ザ:za ジ:ji ズ:zu ゼ:ze ゾ:zo

タ:ta チ:chi ツ:tsu テ:te ト:to

ダ:da ぢ:ji ヅ:zu デ:de ド:do

ナ:na ニ:ni ヌ:nu ネ:ne ノ:no

ハ:ha ヒ:hi フ:fu ヘ:he ホ:ho

バ:ba ビ:bi ブ:bu ベ:be ボ:bo

パ:pa ｃs:pi プ:pu ペ:pe ポ:po

マ:ma ミ:mi ム:mu メ:me モ:mo

ヤ:ya ユ:yu ヨ:yo

ラ:ra リ:ri ル:ru レ:re ロ:ro

ワ:wa ヲ:wo ン:n/m

www.FreeJapaneseLessons.com

Japanese Language:
Japanese (日本語/にほんご/Nihongo) is the official, national, and main language spoken in Japan. The Japanese are theoried to have descended from the Chinese, and apart of the proof is in the writing portion of the language. Some characters in the Hiragana (one of three writing systems) are derived from the Chinese. There is also the Kanji (another writing system) that the Japanese heavily use, which a large number of them are the same from the Chinese language, and they fundamentally mean the same thing. When it gets to combinations, the difference between the languages begins.

Grammar
Japanese generally employs a subject-object-verb order, using particles to mark the grammatical functions of the words: 私はハンバーガーを食べます or "Watashi wa HANBAAGAA o tabe masu" translates literally to "I hamburger eat" with "I" being the subject, "hamburger" being the object, and "(to) eat" being the verb. The correct translation of that sentence, however, is "I eat hamburgers". It is common to omit subjects at times, and even objects if these are clear from previous context.

Verbs and adjectives conjugate by tense and politeness level and situations. Generally there is no verb "to be" as such on a broad scale, but the polite copula "desu/です" can be used in most cases: "JON desu/ジョンです" ("I am John/Jon"), "Ringo desu/りんごです" ("It is an apple"), "Aka desu/赤です" ("It is red"), etc. Note that the exact meaning will depend on the implied subject!

Reading, writing, and speaking Japanese are advanced skills which take years of work to gain much real proficiency (that excludes the many dialects). Japanese themselves use three different writing systems of various complexity, two of which (Hiragana and Katakana) are syllabic and relatively easy to learn with 50 characters each. The third writing system, Kanji, which are Chinese characters, is well over 5,000+, and is difficult to master, even for a native.